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Abaclor 125mg/5ml Suspension
Generic Name: Cefaclor Monohydrate 125mg per 5ml
Manufacturer: Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Drug Class: Second-Generation Cephalosporin Antibiotic
Dosage Form: Oral Suspension (Powder for Reconstitution)
Prescription Status: Prescription Only (Rx)
Mechanism of Action
Cefaclor is a bactericidal second-generation cephalosporin with expanded gram-negative spectrum compared to first-generation agents. It binds penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), blocking peptidoglycan synthesis and causing bacterial cell lysis. Its stability against many beta-lactamases produced by H. influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis makes it particularly suitable for ear and respiratory infections in paediatric and adult patients.
Spectrum of Activity
| Sensitivity | Organisms |
|---|---|
| Gram-positive | S. aureus (MSSA), S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae |
| Gram-negative | H. influenzae, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Moraxella catarrhalis |
| Resistant | MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., ESBL producers |
Indications
- Otitis media — especially when beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae is likely
- Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis
- Acute bronchitis and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
- Uncomplicated urinary tract infections
- Skin and soft tissue infections
Dosage and Administration
| Patient | Dose | Frequency | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Children (>1 month) | 20 mg/kg/day in divided doses | Every 8 hours | 7–10 days |
| Otitis media / severe infection | 40 mg/kg/day | Every 8 hours (max 1g/day) | 10 days |
| Adults (mild–moderate) | 250 mg | Every 8 hours | 7–10 days |
Reconstitute with boiled and cooled water to the bottle mark. Shake well before each dose. May be taken with or without food. Complete the full course.
Important Notice for Diabetic Patients
- Diabetic foot/skin infections: Covers gram-positive organisms but NOT MRSA or gram-negative polymicrobial pathogens — culture results essential for moderate-to-severe diabetic foot infections
- Diabetic UTIs: Suitable for uncomplicated lower UTI; ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella increasingly common in diabetic patients — urine C&S recommended alongside empiric treatment
- Renal dose adjustment (diabetic nephropathy): Reduce dose by 50% or extend dosing interval when CrCl <30 ml/min — check eGFR before prescribing
- False-positive urine glucose: Use glucose oxidase dipstick tests only — cefaclor interferes with copper reduction methods (Clinitest, Benedict's reagent)
- Sucrose in paediatric suspension: Small volume per dose typically not clinically significant, but confirm sugar-free availability with pharmacist if carbohydrate restriction is strict
- Serum sickness-like reaction: Cefaclor has a higher incidence than other oral cephalosporins — discontinue if fever, rash, and arthralgia develop together
- Infection-related hyperglycaemia: Intensify blood glucose monitoring during antibiotic treatment
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefaclor or any cephalosporin
- History of immediate hypersensitivity to penicillins
- Severe renal failure without dose adjustment
Side Effects
| System | Side Effects |
|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal | Nausea, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, C. difficile colitis (rare) |
| Hypersensitivity | Serum sickness-like reaction, urticaria, anaphylaxis (rare) |
| Haematological | Eosinophilia, transient neutropenia, positive Coombs test |
| Hepatic | Transient elevation of liver enzymes |
Drug Interactions
- Probenecid: Increases cefaclor plasma levels
- Warfarin: May potentiate anticoagulant effect — monitor INR
- Antacids: Reduce absorption; separate doses by 2 hours
- Metformin: No direct interaction; monitor renal function during prolonged therapy
Storage
Dry powder: Store below 25°C, protected from moisture and light. After reconstitution: Refrigerate (2–8°C), use within 14 days. Shake well before use. Do not freeze.
Medical Disclaimer
The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or altering any medication. Antibiotic therapy should be guided by culture and sensitivity results where possible. DiabetesStore.com.bd does not endorse self-medication. Seek immediate medical attention in case of any adverse reaction.
