Empatab M 5/500 Tablet

What is Empatab M?

Empatab M 5/500 is a fixed-dose combination tablet manufactured by Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd., combining empagliflozin (an SGLT2 inhibitor) and metformin hydrochloride. It is used for type 2 diabetes mellitus when treatment with metformin alone does not provide adequate blood glucose control.

Generic Name and Composition

Each tablet contains 5 mg of Empagliflozin and 500 mg of Metformin Hydrochloride.

Indications

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise, in patients not adequately controlled on metformin alone
• As an alternative to taking empagliflozin and metformin as separate tablets, to simplify the dosing regimen

How It Works — Mechanism of Action

Empagliflozin inhibits SGLT2 in the kidneys, reducing glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves peripheral insulin sensitivity. Together, they provide complementary blood glucose control through two distinct, insulin-independent and insulin-sensitizing pathways.

Dosage and Administration

• Dosage is individualized by a physician based on the patient's current metformin dose and glycemic control.
• Usually taken twice daily with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects of metformin.
• Swallow tablets whole with water; do not crush or chew unless advised.
• Maintain adequate hydration due to the empagliflozin component's diuretic-like effect.

Side Effects

Common: Diarrhea, nausea, urinary tract infections, genital fungal infections, increased urination.

Uncommon: Hypoglycemia (especially with insulin or sulfonylureas), volume depletion, vitamin B12 deficiency with long-term use.

Rare: Diabetic ketoacidosis, Fournier's gangrene, lactic acidosis (linked to the metformin component).

Drug Interactions

May increase risk of lactic acidosis: Iodinated contrast media, medications affecting renal clearance.

May enhance hypoglycemia: Insulin, sulfonylureas.

May increase dehydration risk: Diuretics.

Always inform your physician or pharmacist of all medicines you are taking.

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to empagliflozin, metformin, or any excipient
• Severe renal impairment
• Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis
• Conditions predisposing to tissue hypoxia (severe heart failure, respiratory failure, shock)

Pregnancy and Lactation

This combination is generally not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Insulin is typically preferred for glycemic control during pregnancy. Consult your physician for guidance.

Precautions and Warnings

• Monitor renal function periodically, as metformin is contraindicated in significant renal impairment.
• Maintain good hydration, especially during illness or hot weather.
• Temporarily discontinue before procedures using iodinated contrast media or major surgery, as advised by your physician.
• Watch for signs of urinary or genital infections and seek prompt treatment.
• Seek immediate medical attention for symptoms of ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis.

Overdose

Overdose may cause hypoglycemia, dehydration, or lactic acidosis (from the metformin component). This is a medical emergency requiring immediate hospitalization and supportive care, including hemodialysis if lactic acidosis develops.

Storage Instructions

• Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light.
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Do not use after the expiry date printed on the pack.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: Why is Empatab M taken twice daily while Empatab alone is once daily?
The metformin component is generally dosed with meals to reduce GI side effects, requiring twice-daily administration in this combination tablet.

Q2: Will I urinate more on Empatab M?
Yes, the empagliflozin component increases urinary glucose and fluid loss — staying well-hydrated helps manage this.

Q3: Can Empatab M cause stomach upset?
Mild GI symptoms from the metformin component are common, especially when starting therapy; taking it with food helps.

Q4: How is Empatab M different from Sitagil M?
Empatab M combines an SGLT2 inhibitor (empagliflozin) with metformin, while Sitagil M combines a DPP-4 inhibitor (sitagliptin) with metformin — both pair metformin with a different complementary mechanism.

Medical Disclaimer

This product is available by prescription only (Rx). The information provided is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a registered physician before starting, stopping, or changing any diabetes therapy. DiabetesStore.com.bd is a licensed online pharmacy in Bangladesh.