Epilep CR

Indications

Epilep CR is indicated for: - Partial and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures - Primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures - Trigeminal neuralgia - Prophylaxis of bipolar disorder

Pharmacology

Carbamazepine depresses activity in the nucleus ventralis of the thalamus, reduces synaptic propagation of excitatory impulses by limiting influx of sodium ions across cell membranes. It stimulates the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and potentiates its action in promoting reabsorption of water.

Dosage & Administration

Epilepsy — Adults and children over 12 years: Initial 200 mg twice daily. Increase at weekly intervals by up to 200 mg/day. Maintenance usually 800-1200 mg daily; maximum 1200 mg daily. Children 6-12 years: Initial 100 mg twice daily. Increase by 100 mg/day at weekly intervals. Maintenance 400-800 mg daily. Trigeminal Neuralgia: Initial 100 mg twice daily; increase by 200 mg/day as needed. Maintenance 400-800 mg daily; maximum 1200 mg daily.

Side Effects

Common: dizziness, drowsiness, ataxia, dry mouth, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, leucopenia, bradycardia, hypotension, erythematous skin rash. Most severe adverse reactions have been observed in the haemopoietic system, the skin, and the cardiovascular system. May cause increased sensitivity to sun.

Precautions & Warnings

May cause dizziness and drowsiness — caution with driving or operating machinery. May cause skin reactions; inform doctor immediately of any rash or skin peeling. May rarely cause liver problems. Decreases blood levels of hormonal contraceptives — prescribe contraceptive with at least 50 micrograms oestrogen or use non-hormonal methods. Do not stop treatment suddenly; if stopping, do so gradually under specialist supervision.

Contraindications

Contraindicated in: atrioventricular block; history of bone marrow depression; porphyrias; allergy to tricyclic antidepressants; patients who have taken a MAOI antidepressant in the last 14 days.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Category D. Carbamazepine and its epoxide metabolite are transferred to breast milk. Decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug.

Storage Conditions

Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light and moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.

Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your physician or pharmacist before starting any medication.