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Abaclor 250mg Capsule
Generic Name: Cefaclor Monohydrate 250mg
Manufacturer: Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Drug Class: Second-Generation Cephalosporin Antibiotic
Dosage Form: Hard Gelatin Capsule
Prescription Status: Prescription Only (Rx)
Mechanism of Action
Cefaclor is a bactericidal second-generation cephalosporin with expanded gram-negative spectrum compared to first-generation agents. It binds penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), blocking peptidoglycan synthesis and causing bacterial cell lysis. Its stability against many beta-lactamases — particularly from H. influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis — makes it especially useful in respiratory tract infections.
Spectrum of Activity
| Sensitivity | Organisms |
|---|---|
| Gram-positive | S. aureus (MSSA), S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae |
| Gram-negative | H. influenzae, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Moraxella catarrhalis |
| Resistant | MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus spp., ESBL producers, Bacteroides spp. |
Indications
- Otitis media — effective against beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae
- Upper respiratory tract infections: pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis
- Lower respiratory tract infections: acute bronchitis, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
- Urinary tract infections — uncomplicated cystitis and mild pyelonephritis
- Skin and soft tissue infections: impetigo, cellulitis, folliculitis
Dosage and Administration
| Patient | Dose | Frequency | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adults (mild–moderate) | 250 mg | Every 8 hours | 7–10 days |
| Adults (severe RTI) | 500 mg | Every 8 hours | 10 days |
| Children (>1 month) | 20 mg/kg/day | Divided every 8 hours | 7–10 days |
May be taken with or without food. Complete the full course. Max adult dose: 4g/day.
Important Notice for Diabetic Patients
- Diabetic foot/skin infections: Covers MSSA and Streptococcus; lacks MRSA and gram-negative rod coverage — culture and sensitivity mandatory for moderate-to-severe diabetic foot infections
- Diabetic UTIs: Suitable for uncomplicated lower UTI; ESBL-producing organisms common in diabetic patients may be resistant — urine C&S recommended
- Renal dose adjustment (diabetic nephropathy): Reduce dose by 50% or extend interval when CrCl <30 ml/min — seek prescriber guidance based on current eGFR
- False-positive urine glucose: Use glucose oxidase dipstick tests only — cefaclor interferes with copper reduction methods
- Serum sickness-like reaction: More frequent with cefaclor than other oral cephalosporins — discontinue if fever, rash and arthralgia develop together
- Infection-related hyperglycaemia: Intensify blood glucose monitoring during antibiotic treatment
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefaclor or any cephalosporin
- History of anaphylaxis to penicillins
- Severe renal failure without dose adjustment
Side Effects
| System | Side Effects |
|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal | Nausea, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, C. difficile-associated diarrhoea (rare) |
| Hypersensitivity | Serum sickness-like reaction (fever, rash, arthralgia), urticaria, anaphylaxis (rare) |
| Haematological | Eosinophilia, transient neutropenia, positive Coombs test |
| Hepatic | Transient elevation of ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase |
Drug Interactions
- Probenecid: Increases cefaclor plasma levels
- Warfarin: Possible potentiation — monitor INR
- Antacids: Reduce absorption; separate by 2 hours
- Metformin: No direct interaction; monitor renal function during prolonged therapy
Storage
Store below 25°C in a cool, dry place away from moisture and sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.
Medical Disclaimer
The information provided here is for educational and informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting, stopping, or altering any medication. Antibiotic therapy should be guided by culture and sensitivity results where possible. DiabetesStore.com.bd does not endorse self-medication. Seek immediate medical attention in case of any adverse reaction.
