Xylogel 2% Gel 30 gm tube

Xylogel 2% Gel 30 gm tube

Indications

Lidocaine 2% jelly is indicated for prevention and control of pain in male and female urethra during cystoscope, catheterization, exploration by sound and other endourethral operations; for topical treatment of painful urethritis; for adequate analgesia in endoscopy and as an anesthetic lubricant for endotracheal intubation (oral and nasal).

Pharmacology

Lidocaine acts mainly by inhibiting sodium influx through sodium specific ion channels in the neuronal cell membrane, in particular the so called voltage-gated sodium channels. When the influx of sodium is interrupted, an action potential cannot arise and signal conduction is inhibited. The receptor site is thought to be located at the cytoplasmic (inner) portion of the sodium channel. Lidocaine binds more readily to sodium channels in activated state, thus onset of neuronal blockade is faster in neurons that are rapidly firing. This is referred to as state dependent blockade.

Dosage & Administration

The dosage varies and depends upon the area to be anesthetized, vascularity of the tissues, individual tolerance, and the technique of anesthesia. The lowest dosage needed to provide effective anesthesia should be administered. Dosages should be reduced for children, elderly and debilitated patients.

Interaction

Lidocaine should be used with caution in patients receiving antiarrhythmic drugs, such as tocainide, since the toxic effects are additive.

Contraindications

Lidocaine jelly is contraindicated in patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to local anaesthetics of the amide type.

Side Effects

Aaphylactoid reactions such as cutaneous lesion, urticaria and oedema; drowsiness , nervousness, dizziness, blurred vision, tremors, convulsions, unconsciousness,   respiratory arrest, hypotension, myocardial depression, bradycardia and  cardiac arrest.

Overdose Effects

Acute emergencies from local anesthetics are generally related to high plasma levels encountered during therapeutic use of local anesthetics. If not treated immediately, both convulsions and cardiovascular depression can result in hypoxia, acidosis, bradycardia, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest. If cardiac arrest occurs, standard cardiopulmonary resuscitative measures should be instituted.